Agent Name | Acetic anhydride |
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CAS Number | 108-24-7 |
Formula | C4-H6-O3 |
Major Category | Other Classes |
Synonyms | Acetic acid anhydride, Acetic oxide, Acetyl oxide, Ethanoic anhydride |
Category | Acid Anhydrides, Other |
Description | Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor; |
Sources/Uses | Used to manufacture cellulose acetate fibers, plastics, pharmaceuticals, dyes, perfumes, explosives, and food starches; [ACGIH] |
Comments | Evidence of skin sensitization in a guinea pig study, but insufficient data to recommend SEN notation; Workers exposed to >5 ppm have immediate eye and respiratory irritation; [ACGIH] Liquid causes second degree burns after contact for a few minutes. [CHRIS] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] Inhalation of high concentrations can cause bronchospasm and pulmonary edema. [NIOSH Guidelines for Chemical Hazards] A lachrymator; [CHEMINFO] |
Exposure Assessment | |
Skin Designation (ACGIH) | Insufficient data |
TLV (ACGIH) | 1 ppm |
Ceiling (ACGIH) | 3 ppm |
PEL (OSHA) | 5 ppm |
MAK | 5 ppm |
IDLH (NIOSH) | 200 ppm |
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs | Basis for original (SCP) IDLH. . According to AIHA [1971], all rats exposed for 4 hours to 2,000 ppm were dead within 14 days while all rats exposed for 4 hours to 1,000 ppm survived the 14-day observation period [Capellini and Sartorelli 1967]. Because 2,000 ppm is obviously too high to be selected as the IDLH, 1,000 ppm has been chosen. . . . Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for acetic anhydride is 200 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers. |
Vapor Pressure | 4 mm Hg |
Odor Threshold Low | 0.12 ppm |
Odor Threshold High | 0.36 ppm |
Lethal Concentration | LC50 (rat) = 1,000 ppm/4H |
Explanatory Notes | Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean <0.14 ppm); |
Reference Link | |
Flammability (NFPA) | |
Adverse Effects | |
Lacrimator | Yes |
Toxic Pneumonitis | Yes |
Dermatotoxin | Skin Burns |
ACGIH Carcinogen | Not Classifiable |
Links to Other NLM Databases | |
Health Studies | Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: |
Toxicity Information | |
Chemical Information | |
Biomedical References | |
Related Information in HazMap | |
Other Information | No other related information on this agent was found. |