| Agent Name | 1,2-Dichloroethylene, all isomers |
|---|---|
| Alternative Name | Acetylene dichloride |
| CAS Number | 540-59-0; 156-59-2; 156-60-5 |
| Formula | C2-H2-Cl2 |
| Major Category | Solvents |
| Synonyms | cis-Acetylene dichloride; trans-Acetylene dichloride; sym-Dichloroethylene; [NIOSH] 1,2-Dichloroethene; Dioform; [ChemIDplus] UN1150 |
| Category | Chlorinated Aliphatics |
| Description | Colorless liquid (usually a mixture of the cis & trans isomers) with a slightly acrid, chloroform-like odor; [NIOSH] |
| Sources/Uses | Used as a solvent and chemical intermediate; [ACGIH] Used as a refrigerant, degreaser, dry cleaning agent, and solvent for perfumes, adhesives, lacquers, oils, and resins; [HSDB] Only the trans isomer is commercially available in the US--used for precision cleaning of electronic components and a small amount used as a blowing agent for specialty foams; [EPA Toxicological Review, 2010] |
| Comments | Liver injury observed in acute animal toxicology studies; [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effects; [ICSC] See "trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene" and "cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene." |
| Exposure Assessment | |
| Skin Designation (ACGIH) | Insufficient data |
| TLV (ACGIH) | 200 ppm |
| PEL (OSHA) | 200 ppm |
| MAK | 200 ppm |
| IDLH (NIOSH) | 1000 ppm |
| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs | Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Patty [1963] reported that rats exposed to the cisisomer of dichloroethylene for 4 hours at 8,000 ppm were neither killed nor anesthetized, but at 16,000 ppm, anesthesia occurred in 8 minutes and death occurred in 4 hours [Smyth 1956]. Because Patty [1963] also reported that the transisomer was twice as toxic an anesthetic as the cisisomer, an IDLH of 4,000 ppm is chosen. . . . Human data: It has been reported that exposure to the transisomer at 2,200 ppm caused burning of the eyes, vertigo, and nausea [von Oettingen 1955]. An exposure to the transisomer at 819 ppm for 30 minutes has been reported to cause no untoward effects, while inhalation of either 1,687 to 2,184 ppm for 5 minutes or 1,191 ppm for 10 minutes has resulted in vertigo, pressure in the head, and somnolence [von Oettingen 1937]. |
| Vapor Pressure | 201 mm Hg |
| Odor Threshold Low | 0.08 ppm |
| Odor Threshold High | 17 ppm |
| Lethal Concentration | LC50 (mice) = 21,723 ppm/6H (trans-isomer); |
| Explanatory Notes | Odor threshold from "Quick Guide: The Electronic NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards"; VP = 180-265 mm Hg; Flash point = 2 deg C; |
| Reference Link | |
| Flammability (NFPA) | |
| Adverse Effects | |
| Neurotoxin | CNS Solvent Syndrome |
| Hepatotoxin | Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
| Links to Other NLM Databases | |
| Health Studies | Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: |
| Toxicity Information | |
| Chemical Information | |
| Related Information in HazMap | |
| Diseases | Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent: |
| Processes | Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: |
Agent Name
1,2-Dichloroethylene, all isomers
Alternative Name
Acetylene dichloride
CAS Number
540-59-0; 156-59-2; 156-60-5
Formula
C2-H2-Cl2
Major Category
Solvents
Synonyms
cis-Acetylene dichloride; trans-Acetylene dichloride; sym-Dichloroethylene; [NIOSH] 1,2-Dichloroethene; Dioform; [ChemIDplus] UN1150
Category
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Description
Colorless liquid (usually a mixture of the cis & trans isomers) with a slightly acrid, chloroform-like odor; [NIOSH]
Sources/Uses
Used as a solvent and chemical intermediate; [ACGIH] Used as a refrigerant, degreaser, dry cleaning agent, and solvent for perfumes, adhesives, lacquers, oils, and resins; [HSDB] Only the trans isomer is commercially available in the US--used for precision cleaning of electronic components and a small amount used as a blowing agent for specialty foams; [EPA Toxicological Review, 2010]
Comments
Liver injury observed in acute animal toxicology studies; [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effects; [ICSC] See "trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene" and "cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene."
Exposure Assessment
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Insufficient data
TLV (ACGIH)
200 ppm
PEL (OSHA)
200 ppm
MAK
200 ppm
IDLH (NIOSH)
1000 ppm
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Patty [1963] reported that rats exposed to the cisisomer of dichloroethylene for 4 hours at 8,000 ppm were neither killed nor anesthetized, but at 16,000 ppm, anesthesia occurred in 8 minutes and death occurred in 4 hours [Smyth 1956]. Because Patty [1963] also reported that the transisomer was twice as toxic an anesthetic as the cisisomer, an IDLH of 4,000 ppm is chosen. . . . Human data: It has been reported that exposure to the transisomer at 2,200 ppm caused burning of the eyes, vertigo, and nausea [von Oettingen 1955]. An exposure to the transisomer at 819 ppm for 30 minutes has been reported to cause no untoward effects, while inhalation of either 1,687 to 2,184 ppm for 5 minutes or 1,191 ppm for 10 minutes has resulted in vertigo, pressure in the head, and somnolence [von Oettingen 1937].
Vapor Pressure
201 mm Hg
Odor Threshold Low
0.08 ppm
Odor Threshold High
17 ppm
Lethal Concentration
LC50 (mice) = 21,723 ppm/6H (trans-isomer);
Explanatory Notes
Odor threshold from "Quick Guide: The Electronic NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards"; VP = 180-265 mm Hg; Flash point = 2 deg C;
Reference Link
Flammability (NFPA)
Adverse Effects
Neurotoxin
CNS Solvent Syndrome
Hepatotoxin
Hepatotoxin, Secondary
Links to Other NLM Databases
Toxicity Information
Chemical Information
Related Information in HazMap
Diseases
Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:
Processes
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: