Agent Name | 1,2-Dichloroethylene, all isomers |
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Alternative Name | Acetylene dichloride |
CAS Number | 540-59-0; 156-59-2; 156-60-5 |
Formula | C2-H2-Cl2 |
Major Category | Solvents |
Synonyms | cis-Acetylene dichloride; trans-Acetylene dichloride; sym-Dichloroethylene; [NIOSH] 1,2-Dichloroethene; Dioform; [ChemIDplus] UN1150 |
Category | Chlorinated Aliphatics |
Description | Colorless liquid (usually a mixture of the cis & trans isomers) with a slightly acrid, chloroform-like odor; [NIOSH] |
Sources/Uses | Used as a solvent and chemical intermediate; [ACGIH] Used as a refrigerant, degreaser, dry cleaning agent, and solvent for perfumes, adhesives, lacquers, oils, and resins; [HSDB] Only the trans isomer is commercially available in the US--used for precision cleaning of electronic components and a small amount used as a blowing agent for specialty foams; [EPA Toxicological Review, 2010] |
Comments | Liver injury observed in acute animal toxicology studies; [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effects; [ICSC] See "trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene" and "cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene." |
Exposure Assessment | |
Skin Designation (ACGIH) | Insufficient data |
TLV (ACGIH) | 200 ppm |
PEL (OSHA) | 200 ppm |
MAK | 200 ppm |
IDLH (NIOSH) | 1000 ppm |
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs | Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Patty [1963] reported that rats exposed to the cisisomer of dichloroethylene for 4 hours at 8,000 ppm were neither killed nor anesthetized, but at 16,000 ppm, anesthesia occurred in 8 minutes and death occurred in 4 hours [Smyth 1956]. Because Patty [1963] also reported that the transisomer was twice as toxic an anesthetic as the cisisomer, an IDLH of 4,000 ppm is chosen. . . . Human data: It has been reported that exposure to the transisomer at 2,200 ppm caused burning of the eyes, vertigo, and nausea [von Oettingen 1955]. An exposure to the transisomer at 819 ppm for 30 minutes has been reported to cause no untoward effects, while inhalation of either 1,687 to 2,184 ppm for 5 minutes or 1,191 ppm for 10 minutes has resulted in vertigo, pressure in the head, and somnolence [von Oettingen 1937]. |
Vapor Pressure | 201 mm Hg |
Odor Threshold Low | 0.08 ppm |
Odor Threshold High | 17 ppm |
Lethal Concentration | LC50 (mice) = 21,723 ppm/6H (trans-isomer); |
Explanatory Notes | Odor threshold from "Quick Guide: The Electronic NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards"; VP = 180-265 mm Hg; Flash point = 2 deg C; |
Reference Link | |
Flammability (NFPA) | |
Adverse Effects | |
Neurotoxin | CNS Solvent Syndrome |
Hepatotoxin | Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
Links to Other NLM Databases | |
Health Studies | Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: |
Toxicity Information | |
Chemical Information | |
Related Information in HazMap | |
Diseases | Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent: |
Processes | Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: |